IIED

 Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress

故意導(dǎo)致受害人的情緒困擾

The key testable elements for intentional infliction of emotional distress (“IIED”) are:

I. An act by the defendant amounting to extreme and outrageous conduct；

II. The plaintiff must suffer severe emotional distress, but physical injury is not required.

 IIED構(gòu)成要件是：

l.  被告的行為到達(dá)了極端且駭人的程度；

lI.  原告遭受了嚴(yán)重的情緒困擾, 但是并不要求身體上的傷害。

Extreme and Outrageous Conduct 

極端且駭人的行為

Extreme and outrageous conduct refers to the conduct that is continuous in nature, that is committed by a certain type of defendant (common carriers or innkeepers may be liable even for mere gross insults), or that is directed toward a certain type of plaintiff (children, elderly persons, someone who is pregnant, supersensitive adults if the sensitivities are known to defendant).

極端且駭人的行為是指該行為本身具有持續(xù)性，由特定類型的被告實(shí)施（普通承運(yùn)人或旅店老板對(duì)無禮的辱罵承擔(dān)責(zé)任），或直接針對(duì)特定類型的原告（兒童、老人、孕婦、敏感性被被告所知的極度敏感的成年人）

Conduct Acted at Third Person

針對(duì)第三人的行為

When the defendant’s conduct is directed at a third person, and the plaintiff suffers severe emotional distress because of it, the plaintiff must show that they were present when the injury occurred; that the distress resulted in bodily harm or that the plaintiff is a close relative of the third person; and that the defendant knew these facts.

當(dāng)被告的行為是針對(duì)第三人的，原告因此而遭受嚴(yán)重情緒困擾的，原告需要證明在傷害發(fā)生時(shí)原告是在場(chǎng)的；這種困擾導(dǎo)致身體傷害或者原告是第三人的近親屬；并且被告就此情況是明知的。

我國《民法典》

第一千一百八十三條 

侵害自然人人身權(quán)益造成嚴(yán)重精神損害的，被侵權(quán)人有權(quán)請(qǐng)求精神損害賠償。

因故意或者重大過失侵害自然人具有人身意義的特定物造成嚴(yán)重精神損害的，被侵權(quán)人有權(quán)請(qǐng)求精神損害賠償。

作者介紹

延彬彬律師

現(xiàn)為上海律宏律師事務(wù)所合伙人律師，民革黨員。先后被評(píng)為民革上海市委三八紅旗手、民革普陀區(qū)委先進(jìn)個(gè)人，并在第一屆上海律師學(xué)術(shù)大賽中獲“代理詞評(píng)選”優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)，持有證券從業(yè)資格證、上海市知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)工作者證等。

執(zhí)業(yè)領(lǐng)域：

不良資產(chǎn)處置，企業(yè)法律顧問，各類合同糾紛，勞動(dòng)人事糾紛，婚姻家庭糾紛的處理，刑事案件以及行政案件的處理，醫(yī)療器械行業(yè)法律服務(wù)，美國綠卡申請(qǐng)及綠卡爭(zhēng)議解決等。

執(zhí)業(yè)理念：

每個(gè)人都值得擁有自己的私人律師。

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